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Malnutrition Risk Among Hospitalized Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Association With Hospital Length
Philemon Kwizera1, Reverien Niyomwungeri2, Omar Gatera3
1Human Nutrition and Dietetics Department, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CMHS) University of Rwanda Kigali Rwanda.
Malnutrition risk is high in hospitalized Type 2 diabetes patients, impacting hospital stay duration and outcomes. Early screening and nutritional support are vital for better patient care and cost savings.
Area of Science:
- Clinical Nutrition
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Malnutrition risk estimation in hospitalized patients is critical due to links with adverse outcomes.
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients face unique nutritional challenges during hospitalization.
- Understanding malnutrition prevalence in T2DM is essential for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the risk of malnutrition among hospitalized Type 2 diabetes patients.
- To assess the impact of malnutrition on the length of hospital stay in T2DM patients.
- To provide data for improving nutritional care in diabetic inpatients in Kigali.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cross-sectional study of 300 adult hospitalized T2DM patients.
- Data collected: demographics, anthropometrics, serum albumin, length of hospital stay.
- Malnutrition risk determined using the Nutrition Risk Index.
Main Results:
- Over half (55.3%) of T2DM patients were at risk of malnutrition.
- Malnutrition risk showed significant associations with age, hypertension, longer hospital stay duration, and blood glucose levels.
- No significant gender difference was observed in malnutrition risk.
Conclusions:
- Hospitalized Type 2 diabetes patients exhibit a high prevalence of malnutrition risk.
- Malnutrition is associated with increased length of hospital stay and potentially other adverse outcomes.
- Implementing early malnutrition screening and multidisciplinary nutritional support is recommended for improved clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness.
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