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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Whole-animal Imaging and Flow Cytometric Techniques for Analysis of Antigen-specific CD8+ T Cell Responses after Nanoparticle Vaccination

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Published on: April 29, 2015

Multifunctional nanoparticle platform for targeted delivery and vaccines.

Anja S Redecker¹, Medea Neek¹, Philip E J Smith¹

¹Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

|June 11, 2025

Summary

Researchers developed a novel Hepatitis B core protein virus-like particle (VLP) platform for targeted delivery. This versatile nanoparticle system offers high-yield production for therapeutics, vaccines, and imaging agents.

Keywords:

Biochemistry Biomaterials Drug delivery system Nanoparticles Therapeutics

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Published on: July 25, 2022

Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Nanotechnology
Virology

Background:

Virus-like particles (VLPs) offer a promising platform for targeted delivery systems.
Hepatitis B core protein (HBc) VLPs have shown potential but face production challenges.
Current nanoparticle production methods often lack efficiency and versatility.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a versatile and efficiently produced nanoparticle delivery platform using Hepatitis B core protein VLPs.
To enable reliable production of functionalized nanoparticles with high cargo loading and surface modification.
To demonstrate the platform's utility for diverse applications including therapeutics and vaccines.

Main Methods:

Engineered Hepatitis B core protein mutations combined with cell-free protein synthesis.
Utilized anaerobic processing for nanoparticle production.
Functionalized nanoparticles with single or multiple surface adducts and loaded with cargoes.

Main Results:

Achieved high yields of approximately 6 x 10^13 NPs per mL, significantly exceeding current Adeno-associated virus (AAV) and previous HBc VLP yields.
Demonstrated successful surface display of a challenging dengue fever antigen.
Validated platform versatility through pharmacokinetic studies using whole-body mouse imaging.

Conclusions:

The developed HBc VLP platform provides a versatile, high-yield method for producing targeted nanoparticles.
This platform enables flexible production of functionalized nanoparticles for various applications, including gene therapy, vaccines, and imaging.
The system supports rapid, parallel production, potentially increasing success rates for novel therapeutic and diagnostic agents.