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Scalable Parallel Single-Electron Pumps in Silicon with Split-Source Control in the Nanoampere Regime.

Gento Yamahata1, Takase Shimizu1, Katsuhiko Nishiguchi1

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Summary

Parallelizing single-electron pumps achieves nanoampere currents for quantum standards. This method optimizes operating conditions, enabling higher accuracy in small-current measurements and quantum metrology.

Keywords:
NanoampereParallel OperationQuantum DotQuantum Electrical MetrologySiliconSingle-Electron Pump

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum electronics
  • Metrology

Background:

  • Single-electron pumps are crucial for quantum current standards, requiring nanoampere-level currents for ultrahigh accuracy (below 0.1 ppm).
  • Current parallelization methods face challenges in optimizing operating conditions to reach these target current levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a scalable and easily implementable parallelization method for single-electron pumps.
  • To achieve nanoampere-level currents necessary for advanced quantum metrology and small-current measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Proposed a parallelization technique using tunable-barrier single-electron pumps with split source electrodes.
  • Tuned source voltages to synchronize and operate multiple pumps in parallel.

Main Results:

  • Successfully parallelized four single-electron pumps operating at 200 MHz.
  • Demonstrated a current plateau exceeding 2 nA using three pumps at 2.1 GHz.

Conclusions:

  • The developed parallelization technique is widely applicable and facilitates the advancement of high-accuracy quantum current standards.
  • This method overcomes previous limitations in achieving high currents with parallel pumps.