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Related Concept Videos

Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
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Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
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RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

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RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

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The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
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The Replica Set Method: A High-throughput Approach to Quantitatively Measure Caenorhabditis elegans Lifespan
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Using RNA therapeutics to promote healthy aging.

Shuying Chen1,2, Qian Chen1,2, Xinru You1,2

  • 1Center for Nanomedicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

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|June 11, 2025
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RNA therapeutics offer a novel approach to combat aging and age-related diseases by targeting cellular decline. This review explores various RNA technologies and their potential to promote healthy aging and treat conditions like neurodegenerative diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Biogerontology
  • Molecular Medicine
  • RNA Therapeutics

Background:

  • Aging is a natural process involving functional decline and increased disease risk.
  • RNA therapeutics present a promising, targeted strategy for addressing aging mechanisms.
  • These therapies offer advantages like specificity, low toxicity, and rapid production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in RNA therapeutics for promoting healthy aging.
  • To discuss the application of RNA technologies in treating age-related diseases.
  • To explore the challenges and future potential of RNA-based interventions in aging.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on RNA therapeutics and aging research.
  • Discussion of various RNA-based strategies: RNA activation, mRNA therapy, RNA interference, antisense oligonucleotides, aptamers, and CRISPR-Cas RNA editing.
  • Analysis of preclinical and clinical studies for age-related conditions.

Main Results:

  • RNA therapeutics encompass diverse modalities targeting aging at the molecular level.
  • Promising preclinical and clinical data exist for neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal diseases.
  • Key challenges include delivery, stability, and immunogenicity of RNA-based treatments.

Conclusions:

  • The integration of RNA therapeutics with aging biology holds significant potential for developing novel anti-aging interventions.
  • Further research and development are crucial to overcome current challenges and maximize efficacy.
  • RNA technology is poised to revolutionize the treatment landscape for age-related diseases.