Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: A case report.

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Pharmacology
• Clinical Psychiatry

Background:

• Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare but life-threatening adverse drug reaction linked to antipsychotic medications.
• It is primarily caused by dopamine D2 receptor blockade in the central nervous system.

Observation:

• A case report of a 25-year-old male patient presenting with post-ictal behavioral disturbances is detailed.
• The patient required rapid tranquilization and subsequently developed NMS symptoms after receiving first-generation antipsychotics.

Findings:

• The patient exhibited markedly elevated creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) levels, reaching over 89,900 U/L.
• Early identification of NMS and immediate intervention were critical for the patient's successful recovery.

Implications:

• This case highlights the critical importance of prompt diagnosis and management of NMS to minimize patient morbidity and mortality.
• Antipsychotic medication withdrawal, coupled with supportive care, forms the cornerstone of NMS treatment.