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Predictive Factors of Successful Decannulation in Tracheostomy Patients: A Scoping Review
Andrea Calderone1, Serena Filoni2, Rosaria De Luca1
1IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113 Via Palermo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|June 13, 2025
Summary
Successful tracheostomy (TCT) decannulation depends on factors like strong respiratory function, effective secretion management, and younger age. These predictors are key for optimizing patient recovery and outcomes after airway removal.
Area of Science:
- Medical Sciences
- Respiratory Medicine
- Critical Care
Background:
- Tracheostomy (TCT) provides an artificial airway for obstruction or ventilation.
- Decannulation is a critical recovery step influenced by TCT indication and patient profile.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and categorize predictive factors for successful tracheostomy decannulation.
- To optimize decannulation protocols and improve patient outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Scoping review of PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, EBSCOhost, and Scopus databases.
- Inclusion of studies on physiological, clinical, and demographic predictors of decannulation.
- Narrative synthesis of extracted data.
Main Results:
- Fifty studies included 2238 males and 1281 females (aged 50-70) with acquired brain injuries.
- Positive predictors: strong cough, secretion management, younger age, good neurological status.
- Negative predictors: advanced age, chronic lung disease, high BMI, prolonged ventilation.
Conclusions:
- Successful decannulation results from a combination of physiological, clinical, and demographic factors.
- Strong respiratory function (cough, secretion control) is a fundamental predictive factor for decannulation success.
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