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Related Concept Videos

Data Collection by Experiments01:13

Data Collection by Experiments

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Data collection is a systematic method of obtaining, observing, measuring, and analyzing accurate information. An experimental study is a standard method of data collection that involves the manipulation of the samples by applying some form of treatment prior to data collection. It refers to manipulating one variable to determine its changes on another variable. The sample subjected to treatment is known as “experimental units.”
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Data Collection by Observations01:08

Data Collection by Observations

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Data collection refers to a systematic way of obtaining, observing, measuring, and analyzing accurate information. Observational studies are one of the most widely used methods of data collection. It involves collecting data by observing the behavior and physical characteristics of a sample without making any modifications to the sample.
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Naturalistic Observations02:30

Naturalistic Observations

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If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
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The first successfully cloned mammal was Dolly, a sheep, born on 5th July 1996 at Roslin Institute, Scotland. The cloned sheep was named after the American singer Dolly Parton. Dolly lived for seven years and died of respiratory complications, which is speculated to be due to the actual age of her DNA. Because the DNA in cloned cells belongs to an older individual,  the cloned individual’s life expectancy may be affected. Indeed, analysis of Dolly’s DNA revealed shorter...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2025

Protocol for Assessing the Relative Effects of Environment and Genetics on Antler and Body Growth for a Long-lived Cervid
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Prospects for Data Collection to Optimise Kid Rearing in Dutch Dairy Goat Herds.

Eveline Dijkstra1, Inge Santman-Berends2, Tara de Haan1

  • 1Department of Small Ruminant Health, Royal GD, Arnsbergstraat 7, 7418 EZ Deventer, The Netherlands.

Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI
|June 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Developing key performance indicators (KPIs) for dairy goat kid rearing is crucial. This study found significant variations in kid rearing outcomes, highlighting the need for practical data collection tools to improve sustainable farming.

Keywords:
average daily gaindairy goatsdecision support toolkid rearingparticipatory approachperinatal period

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Agricultural Management
  • Sustainable Farming Systems

Background:

  • Optimizing dairy goat kid rearing is vital for sustainable farming, but lacks validated parameters and benchmark data.
  • Current practices often lack standardized metrics for effective monitoring and improvement.
  • Participatory approaches are needed to bridge the gap between research and farm application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate key performance indicators (KPIs) for monitoring dairy goat kid-rearing practices.
  • To assess the practical feasibility and added value of these KPIs on commercial dairy goat farms.
  • To identify critical factors influencing kid-rearing success and inform data-driven management strategies.

Main Methods:

  • A participatory approach involving researchers, veterinarians, and five dairy goat farms.
  • Development of prototype KPIs covering birth, colostrum, average daily gain (ADG), and mortality across four rearing phases.
  • On-farm data collection over six months (June 2020-January 2021) using census and record data from 715 kids.

Main Results:

  • Significant variations in rearing outcomes, particularly birth weights and postweaning growth, were observed across farms.
  • Birth weight was a key predictor of average daily gain (ADG).
  • Weaning strategies significantly impacted postweaning performance, indicating a critical management point.

Conclusions:

  • The developed KPIs demonstrated feasibility and added value for monitoring dairy goat kid rearing.
  • Data collection during the kidding season presented challenges, suggesting a need for automated or simplified tools.
  • Individual-level data collection is feasible and valuable for dairy goat systems, supporting routine monitoring and data-driven management.