Recent Progress in Heteroatom-Containing Metalloporphyrin-Based Catalysts for CO₂ Reduction

Area of Science:

• Catalysis
• Materials Science
• Sustainable Chemistry

Background:

• Metalloporphyrins mimic natural enzyme active sites, offering tunable coordination for catalysis.
• Modifications like N-confusion and O/S-substitution enhance metalloporphyrin catalytic activity for CO2 reduction.
• Heteroatom-containing metalloporphyrins, synthesized since 1989, have gained traction in CO2 reduction catalysis post-2020.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in N-confused and O/S-substituted metalloporphyrins for CO2 reduction.
• To analyze their design, catalytic performance, and mechanistic insights.
• To provide recommendations for future research in catalyst design for sustainable energy.

Main Methods:

• Review of experimental and theoretical computational studies.
• Analysis of photocatalytic and electrocatalytic applications.
• Synthesis and characterization of modified metalloporphyrins.

Main Results:

• N-confused and O/S-substituted metalloporphyrins demonstrate significant potential in CO2 reduction.
• Recent studies highlight improved catalytic efficiency and selectivity through structural modifications.
• Mechanistic investigations provide insights into structure-activity relationships.

Conclusions:

• Heteroatom-containing metalloporphyrins are effective catalysts for CO2 conversion.
• Further theoretical studies are crucial for rational catalyst design.
• These catalysts offer a pathway towards sustainable energy solutions and environmental remediation.