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Area of Science:

  • Atomic and Molecular Physics
  • Quantum Dynamics
  • Laser-Matter Interactions

Background:

  • Resolving partial waves (amplitudes and phases) of photoelectrons is vital for understanding molecular structure and dynamics.
  • Multiphoton interactions in the nonperturbative regime present significant challenges to this analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a method for unambiguously resolving partial waves of photoelectrons.
  • To investigate the attosecond electron dynamics during molecular ionization.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing an orthogonal two-color (OTC) laser scheme with varying photon energies and polarizations.
  • Analyzing phase-dependent photoelectron angular distributions (PADs).

Main Results:

  • Successfully resolved individual partial wave amplitudes and phases for H2 ionization.
  • Revealed interaction phases during multiphoton absorption with different polarizations.
  • Demonstrated the OTC scheme's capability for partial-wave decomposition.

Conclusions:

  • The OTC scheme effectively overcomes challenges in nonperturbative multiphoton ionization.
  • This technique provides unprecedented insight into attosecond electron dynamics and molecular ionization processes.