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Orbital polarization in harmonic light beams.

Jyrki Laatikainen, Olga Korotkova

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    |June 13, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces a novel L×2 tensor to characterize electromagnetic beams with multiple orbital angular momentum (OAM) states and complex polarization. This tensor reveals insights into OAM-state mixing and radial polarization properties.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Electromagnetism
    • Quantum Information

    Background:

    • Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) is a fundamental property of light.
    • Characterizing complex light beams with multiple OAM states and arbitrary polarization is challenging.
    • Existing methods may not fully capture the intricate interplay between OAM and polarization.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a comprehensive framework for characterizing harmonic electromagnetic beams with multiple OAM states and arbitrary polarization.
    • To introduce a novel tensor representation for analyzing the properties of such beams.
    • To investigate the relationship between OAM-state mixing and radially resolved polarization.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of an L×2 tensor to represent the electromagnetic beam.

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  • Projection of the tensor onto the polarization plane.
  • Introduction of the degree of orbital polarization and the orbital polarization ellipse.

    • Main Results:

    • The L×2 tensor effectively characterizes beams with arbitrary OAM states and polarization.
    • The tensor projection reveals information on OAM-state mixing.
    • Radially resolved polarization properties are elucidated, including the introduction of the degree of orbital polarization and the orbital polarization ellipse.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed tensor framework provides a powerful tool for analyzing complex light beams.
    • This characterization method enhances understanding of OAM-state mixing and polarization properties.
    • The introduced metrics offer new ways to quantify and describe orbital polarization phenomena.