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MRI for assessing abdominal organs iron concentration: A comparative study between the relaxometry methods.

Chaotian Luo1, Fei Peng2, Xiaojing Ning2

  • 1Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Thalassemia Medicine, Nanning, China.

European Journal of Radiology
|June 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The quantitative Dixon (qDixon) sequence and gradient recalled echo (GRE) MRI methods show strong agreement for measuring liver iron levels. qDixon is a reliable tool for assessing iron overload in abdominal organs.

Keywords:
2D multi-gradient recalled echo sequence3D quantitative Dixon sequenceIron quantificationMultiple abdominal organsRelaxometry

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Iron overload (IO) is a condition requiring accurate quantification.
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) offers non-invasive methods for assessing tissue iron concentration.
  • Comparing advanced MRI sequences is crucial for optimizing diagnostic accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the accuracy of a 3D quantitative Dixon (qDixon) sequence against a 2D multi-gradient recalled echo (GRE) sequence for quantifying iron in abdominal organs.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic concordance of these two MRI techniques for iron overload assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Collected 1.5T MRI data from 211 exams across 171 patients using both GRE and qDixon sequences.
  • Analyzed R2* values for liver, pancreas, spleen, and kidneys.
  • Employed Bland-Altman analysis, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), concordance correlation coefficients (CCC), and linear regression for comparison.
  • Assessed iron overload diagnostic agreement using overall agreement and Kappa coefficient.

Main Results:

  • High concordance was observed between GRE and qDixon for R2* values across all assessed organs (CCCs ranging from 0.94-0.98, ICCs from 0.95-0.99).
  • Linear regression showed strong correlations (coefficient of determination 0.89-0.96) between the two methods for all organs.
  • Diagnostic agreement for iron overload was high, with Kappa values ranging from 0.69 to 0.95, indicating substantial to almost perfect agreement.

Conclusions:

  • Both qDixon and GRE sequences demonstrate good agreement and positive correlation in measuring R2* values for iron overload assessment in abdominal organs.
  • The quantitative Dixon sequence serves as an excellent adjunctive diagnostic method for evaluating iron overload.