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Anatomical Positions

Anatomical Positions

In anatomy, several standard anatomical positions are used as references for describing the position and orientation of different body parts. These positions help provide a common frame of reference when discussing anatomical structures. The anatomical position is the standard reference point for describing the body's position and orientation. In this position:
The body is upright, facing forward, and standing erect.
The feet are parallel and flat on the floor.
The arms are hanging by the...

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Three-dimensional Navigation-guided, Prone, Single-position, Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion Technique

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Trends in Lumbosacral-Pelvic Fixation Strategies.

Pawel P Jankowski¹, Sohaib Z Hashmi², Elizabeth L Lord³

¹Hoag Neurosciences Institute, Newport Beach, CA, USA pawel.jankowski@hoag.org.

International Journal of Spine Surgery

|June 13, 2025

Summary

Spine surgeons use pelvic fixation for complex cases like 3-column osteotomies and spondylolisthesis. S2-alar-iliac screws are preferred, with fixation choices varying based on case complexity and patient factors.

Keywords:

decision-making deformity pelvic fixation pseudarthrosis spinopelvic fixation

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Area of Science:

Spinal Surgery
Orthopedic Surgery
Neurosurgery

Background:

Pelvic fixation is crucial in spinal surgery for stability.
Understanding current decision-making criteria and surgical strategies is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the decision-making criteria for pelvic fixation in spinal surgery.
To identify current surgical strategies employed for pelvic fixation.

Main Methods:

A 28-question international survey was distributed to practicing spine surgeons.
Survey covered training, practice type, criteria for pelvic fixation, and fixation techniques.

Main Results:

3-column osteotomy (3CO), high-grade spondylolisthesis, and L5-S1 pseudarthrosis influenced fixation decisions.
S2-alar-iliac screws were the predominant choice (77.6%).
Fixation strategies varied based on case complexity, with 2 fixation points per side used for multi-level fusions with 3CO or revisions.

Conclusions:

Surgeons' decisions on pelvic instrumentation are influenced by specific factors.
Complex spinal corrections and revisions necessitate robust fixation, while simpler cases show variability influenced by patient factors like age and bone quality.