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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Electromagnetism
    • Mathematical Physics

    Background:

    • Cross-spectral density (CSD) matrices are fundamental for characterizing the statistical properties of light fields.
    • Existing models may not fully capture the diversity of complex optical phenomena.
    • The development of novel CSD matrix classes is crucial for advancing optical science.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a novel and convenient method for modeling new classes of cross-spectral density (CSD) matrices.
    • To introduce a new class of CSD matrix derived from the difference of sinc Schell-model CSD matrices.
    • To investigate the propagation characteristics of novel electromagnetic stochastic beams generated by this method.

    Main Methods:

    • Developing a modeling approach where the difference between two CSD matrices of the same class yields a valid novel CSD matrix.
    • Deriving the conditions for non-negative definiteness of the newly defined CSD matrix.
    • Analyzing the statistical properties of electromagnetic stochastic beams using weighted superposition and numerical simulations.

    Main Results:

    • A new class of CSD matrix, based on the difference of sinc Schell-model CSD matrices, was successfully introduced.
    • Sufficient conditions for the non-negative definiteness of the resulting CSD matrix were derived.
    • Novel electromagnetic stochastic beams exhibit peculiar evolution characteristics during propagation in free space, dependent on source parameters.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed method offers a convenient way to model novel CSD matrix classes.
    • The newly introduced CSD matrix class leads to electromagnetic stochastic beams with unique and controllable propagation behaviors.
    • This research opens new avenues for exploring and engineering novel classes of electromagnetic stochastic beams.