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Single-photon circulator by spinning optical resonators.

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    This study introduces a novel four-port circulator for quantum networks. Rotating resonators enable multi-frequency single-photon circulation and routing, overcoming backscattering limitations.

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    Area of Science:

    • Quantum optics
    • Quantum information science
    • Photonics

    Background:

    • Circulators are essential components in quantum networks and simulations.
    • Controlling single-photon flow at multiple frequencies is a key challenge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and analyze a novel four-port circulator for regulating single-photon flow.
    • To investigate multi-frequency photon circulation using coupled resonators and waveguides.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical study of coherent single-photon transmission.
    • Analysis of a coupled system of two resonators and two waveguides.
    • Investigating the effect of static and differentially rotating resonators.

    Main Results:

    • Reciprocal single-photon transport observed when resonators are static or rotate at the same velocity.
    • Four distinct frequency points for photon circulation emerge with differing resonator angular velocities.
    • Complete routing of single photons demonstrated at specific frequencies with opposite resonator rotation.
    • Rotation restores single-photon circulation suppressed by defect-induced backscattering.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed four-port circulator offers precise control over single-photon flow at multiple frequencies.
    • Differential rotation of resonators is a viable mechanism for achieving advanced photonic functionalities.
    • This work advances the development of components for quantum networks and simulations.