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Fresh water swimming as a risk factor for otitis externa: a case-control study.
Archives of Environmental Health
|July 1, 1985
Summary
Recent swimming, especially in fresh water, is strongly linked to developing otitis externa (swimmer's ear). Increased swimming duration further elevates the risk of this common ear infection.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Otitis externa, commonly known as swimmer's ear, is a prevalent infection.
- Understanding risk factors is crucial for prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between swimming habits and the risk of developing otitis externa.
- To identify specific water sources and exposure levels contributing to the infection.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study design was employed.
- 105 patients diagnosed with otitis externa (cases) were compared with 239 healthy individuals (controls).
- Data collected included recent swimming activities (amount and location).
Main Results:
- Swimming in the week prior to the study visit showed a strong association with otitis externa.
- Higher amounts of swimming correlated with increased risk.
- Freshwater swimming demonstrated a stronger association compared to ocean or chlorinated pool swimming, particularly at higher exposure levels.
Conclusions:
- Recent swimming is a significant risk factor for otitis externa.
- Freshwater environments pose a greater risk than marine or chlorinated water.
- Exposure duration and water source are critical factors in the development of swimmer's ear.