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Brazil climate highlights 2023
Luana Albertani Pampuch1, Paola Gimenes Bueno2, Michelle Simões Reboita3
1Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|June 15, 2025
Summary
In 2023, Brazil faced record-breaking extreme weather, including severe droughts in the Amazon and intense heatwaves in the Southeast. Southern Brazil endured heavy rainfall and cyclones, causing significant impacts.
Area of Science:
- Climatology
- Extreme Weather Events
- Environmental Science
Background:
- 2023 marked the highest global near-surface temperature anomalies on record.
- Extreme weather and climate events significantly impacted regions worldwide, including Brazil.
- Understanding regional climate anomalies is crucial for disaster preparedness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze anomalous temperature and precipitation patterns in Brazil during 2023.
- To identify and examine the most significant extreme weather events in Brazil for the year.
- To describe the physical processes driving these extremes and their socioenvironmental impacts.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of diverse climate datasets.
- Application of various analytical methodologies.
- Investigation of meteorological and climatological data.
Main Results:
- Record single-day rainfall on São Paulo's north coast.
- Severe, prolonged drought in the Amazon region (September-November 2023).
- Devastating cyclones in Southern Brazil; intense heatwaves in Southeast/Central-West Brazil.
Conclusions:
- 2023 was characterized by a spectrum of extreme climate events across Brazil.
- These events, including droughts, floods, and heatwaves, had profound socioenvironmental consequences.
- The study highlights the vulnerability of Brazil to climate extremes and the need for adaptation strategies.
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