[Management of anaphylaxis in the emergency department : applying recommendations for good clinical practice]

Allergic reactions are a common cause of emergency department admissions. The most serious class is anaphylaxis, which can be graded according to its severity and its impact on different organs. It is primarily caused by the release of various chemical mediators into the body following contact with an allergen. Treatment must be initiated as quickly as possible to achieve a satisfactory outcome. It mainly consists of intramuscular (IM) epinephrine and inhalated beta2-agonists. Some intravenous (IV) crystalloids may be given in case of hypotension. According to the latest guidelines, other treatments are not appropriate in the initial approach of the acute phase. Close monitoring should be carried out depending on the initial severity of the anaphylactic reaction. Specialized follow-up in allergology should be initiated, and a prescription for an epinephrine auto-injector should be given to the patient discharged from hospital.