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Chemical Synthesis of Porous Barium Titanate Thin Film and Thermal Stabilization of Ferroelectric Phase by Porosity-Induced Strain

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Enhanced Electrocaloric Effect in Relaxor Ferroelectric Terpolymers by Morphotropic Phase Boundary.

Linxiao Xu^1,2, Yutie Gong^1,2, Shengfei Tang^1,2

¹State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

|June 16, 2025

Summary

New electrocaloric polymers show enhanced cooling effects. Poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene) terpolymers near the morphotropic phase boundary achieve significant temperature changes at low electric fields, advancing refrigeration technology.

Keywords:

electrocaloric effect morphotropic phase boundary relaxor ferroelectric polymers

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Polymer Science

Background:

Relaxor ferroelectric terpolymers are explored for electrocaloric cooling.
Existing terpolymers show limited electrocaloric effects at low electric fields due to high chiral comonomer content.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate enhanced electrocaloric effects in novel terpolymer compositions.
To explore the potential of poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene) near the morphotropic phase boundary for improved electrocaloric performance.

Main Methods:

Synthesized and characterized poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene) terpolymers.
Investigated the electrocaloric effect under low electric fields at room temperature.

Main Results:

Achieved an adiabatic temperature change of 3.2 K with an electric field of 50 MV m⁻¹.
Demonstrated a ≈90% enhancement in electrocaloric response compared to pure relaxor counterparts.
Observed an electric-field-induced disorder-to-order phase transition contributing to the enhanced effect.

Conclusions:

Terpolymers near the morphotropic phase boundary offer a promising route for enhanced electrocaloric cooling.
The findings suggest a viable alternative for practical electrocaloric refrigeration devices.
The study highlights the importance of composition tuning for optimizing electrocaloric polymer performance.