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Evaluating the Prevalence of Optimal Neurodevelopmental Outcome at 2 Years in Children Previously on Ventricular

Shannon Oliver1, Jennifer Conway1, Holger Buchholz2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada.

Journal of the American Heart Association
|June 16, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Optimal neurodevelopmental outcomes were observed in 25.6% of infants receiving a ventricular assist device (VAD) before 15 months of age. Neurological insult was the only factor independently associated with nonoptimal outcomes in this VAD therapy study.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
  • Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics

Background:

  • Limited data exists on neurodevelopmental outcomes for pediatric patients receiving ventricular assist device (VAD) therapy, especially outside of post-transplant cohorts.
  • This study addresses the gap by examining outcomes in infants implanted with a VAD at a young age (≤15 months).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of optimal neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants (≤15 months) treated with a VAD.
  • To identify factors associated with nonoptimal neurodevelopmental outcomes in this vulnerable patient population.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective-inception cohort study included patients implanted with a VAD at ≤15 months of age.
  • Optimal neurodevelopmental outcome was defined using standardized tests (Bayley Scales, ABAS) and absence of specific impairments (cerebral palsy, hearing/visual loss, seizures).
  • Firth multiple regression analysis identified independent factors linked to nonoptimal outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Of 56 patients implanted, 39 survivors to 2 years had neurodevelopmental assessments.
  • Optimal neurodevelopmental outcome was achieved by 25.6% of patients.
  • Neurological insult was the sole independent factor associated with nonoptimal outcomes (OR, 12.34; P=0.026).

Conclusions:

  • Approximately one-quarter of infants (≤15 months) receiving a VAD achieved optimal neurodevelopmental outcomes by 2 years of age.
  • Neurological insult emerged as a significant, potentially modifiable factor linked to nonoptimal neurodevelopmental outcomes in VAD recipients.
Abstract

Keywords:
neurodevelopmental outcomespediatricsventricular assist device

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