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How to Characterize Covalent Adaptable Networks: A User Guide.

Dimitri Berne1, Sidonie Laviéville1, Eric Leclerc1

  • 1ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France, www.enscm.fr.

ACS Polymers Au
|June 16, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review offers polymer chemists guidelines for characterizing covalent adaptable networks (CANs). It details how to select appropriate rheological experiments and models based on CAN properties and exchange mechanisms.

Keywords:
Covalent Adaptable Networkcross-linking monitoringlinear rheologymolecular model reactionssuitable rheological modelsswelling testssynthetic strategiesthermo-mechanical properties

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Covalent adaptable networks (CANs) combine properties of thermosets and thermoplastics using reversible covalent bonds.
  • The discovery of vitrimers in 2011 spurred significant advancements in CAN research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide polymer chemists with guidelines for precise characterization of CANs.
  • To outline appropriate rheological experiments and theoretical models for studying CANs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on CAN characterization.
  • Analysis of how exchange mechanisms, kinetics, and cross-link density affect relaxation times.
  • Guidance on selecting rheological experiments and models.

Main Results:

  • Relaxation times in CANs vary widely (seconds to hours) based on chemistry and structure.
  • The choice of characterization methods depends on the specific exchange mechanism (dissociative, associative, or combined).
  • Understanding relaxation time distribution is crucial for accurate viscoelastic and thermomechanical property assessment.

Conclusions:

  • Proper characterization of CANs is essential for advancing their application.
  • This review serves as a didactic guide for researchers in the field of polymer chemistry.
  • Standardized characterization methods will facilitate further development of CAN materials.