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Metallic Solids

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....

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Facile Synthesis of Colloidal Lead Halide Perovskite Nanoplatelets via Ligand-Assisted Reprecipitation

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Oriented 2D Ruddlesden-Popper metal halides by pulsed laser deposition.

Junia S Solomon¹, Nada Mrkyvkova^2,3, Vojtĕch Kliner^1,4

¹MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.

NPJ 2D Materials and Applications

|June 16, 2025

Summary

We developed a solvent-free pulsed laser deposition method for oriented 2D Ruddlesden-Popper (PEA)2PbI4 films. These films show stability on MAPbI3 substrates, enabling new 2D/3D heterostructures.

Keywords:

Design, synthesis and processing Materials science

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Growth and Electrostatic/chemical Properties of Metal/LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Heterostructures

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Published on: February 8, 2018

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Solid-State Chemistry
Nanotechnology

Background:

Two-dimensional (2D) Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) metal halides offer tunable properties but face synthesis challenges.
Low formation energies cause uncontrolled growth in solution-based methods for 2D RP materials.
Oriented and direct synthesis of 2D RP films remains a significant hurdle.

Purpose of the Study:

To report a novel solvent-free method for the oriented growth of 2D RP films.
To investigate the synthesis of n=1 (PEA)2PbI4 RP films using pulsed laser deposition (PLD).
To explore the stability and heterostructure formation of these 2D RP films.

Main Methods:

Solvent-free pulsed laser deposition (PLD) at room temperature.
In situ photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy during film growth.
X-ray diffraction (XRD), grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) for characterization.

Main Results:

Achieved oriented growth of single-phase n=1 (PEA)2PbI4 RP films, independent of the substrate.
Confirmed conformal film growth and phase formation using in situ PL, XRD, GIWAXS, and AFM.
Demonstrated enhanced film stability (>184 days) on strained epitaxial MAPbI3, preventing cation exchange.

Conclusions:

PLD enables direct, room-temperature synthesis of oriented 2D (PEA)2PbI4 RP films.
Substrate choice significantly impacts the stability of 2D RP films.
This work paves the way for fabricating stable 2D/3D heterostructures with 2D RP materials.