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Sudden Unexpected Infant Death Rates and Social Determinants of Health Among Hispanic Infants
Bianca Quiñones-Pérez1,2, Christopher Cortina3, Anja Sandholm4
1Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
JAMA Network Open
|June 16, 2025
Summary
Sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) rates were lower in Hispanic infants compared to non-Hispanic infants, even with social determinants of health (SDOH) disparities. Risk factors for SUID operate differently in Hispanic populations, requiring tailored approaches.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) is a primary cause of postneonatal mortality.
- Disparities in SUID are linked to social determinants of health (SDOH).
- Limited research exists on SUID within the Hispanic population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare SUID rates and risk factors between Hispanic and non-Hispanic infants.
- To examine interactions between SUID, SDOH, and acculturation.
- To identify unique risk profiles for SUID in Hispanic infants.
Main Methods:
- Nationwide retrospective cohort study using NCHS and PRAMS data (1996-2017).
- Included live births with documented maternal ethnicity.
- Analyzed SUID rates, risk factors, and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) using multivariable models.
Main Results:
- Hispanic infants had a lower SUID rate (0.36/1000) than non-Hispanic infants (0.70/1000).
- Hispanic infants had 33% lower odds of SUID (aOR, 0.67).
- Infants of non-US-born Hispanic mothers showed lower SUID rates, with exceptions for Puerto Rican infants.
Conclusions:
- Hispanic infants exhibit lower SUID rates despite adverse SDOH.
- SUID risk factors function distinctively within Hispanic populations.
- Understanding these differences is crucial for targeted SUID prevention strategies.
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