The Association between Psychological Distress and Disordered Eating Behavior in Young People with Type 1 Diabetes: A...

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Psychiatry
• Public Health

Background:

• Young individuals with type 1 diabetes face unique physical and psychological challenges.
• Psychological distress is a significant factor, influencing dietary-insulin management and potentially leading to disturbed eating behaviors and eating disorders.
• This distress can be both a consequence of and a contributor to difficulties in managing type 1 diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the relationship between psychological distress and disturbed eating behaviors in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
• To synthesize findings from observational studies on this association.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive systematic search was conducted across major scientific databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library) up to October 2024.
• Ten observational studies involving 2420 participants were included, analyzing the link between psychological distress and disordered eating behavior.
• Risk of bias was evaluated using STROBE and Newcastle-Ottawa checklists.

Main Results:

• A robust association was observed between psychological distress and disturbed eating behaviors in all included studies.
• A strong correlation was found between these variables and HbA1c levels.
• Women reported higher levels of psychological distress and more disordered eating behaviors compared to men.

Conclusions:

• Psychological distress is a potential precursor and perpetuating factor for disordered eating behaviors and eating disorders in young people with type 1 diabetes.
• Comprehensive clinical management for type 1 diabetes must integrate psychological and behavioral health interventions.
• Early identification and intervention for psychological distress and disordered eating behaviors can improve HbA1c and overall patient well-being, particularly for females.