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Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
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Observation: unlocking, assessing, and nurturing creative problem solving.

C June Maker1, Kadir Bahar2

  • 1Department of Disability and Psychoeducational Studies, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.

Frontiers in Psychology
|June 17, 2025
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Summary

Observing behavior offers a practical method for assessing and developing creative problem-solving skills. This approach, validated over 37 years, identifies key indicators of creative abilities across diverse talents and age groups.

Keywords:
creative problem solvingcreativity in behaviorsdiscoverobservationperformance-based assessmentsplay-based assessmentstalentsteaching for creativity

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Education
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Creative problem-solving is crucial for innovation and adaptability.
  • Traditional assessment methods may not fully capture creative potential.
  • Behavioral observation offers a dynamic approach to understanding creativity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To advocate for and detail methods of behavioral observation in assessing and developing creative problem-solving.
  • To highlight the advantages of observing actions for unlocking and nurturing creative abilities.
  • To present research-based indicators of creative problem-solving in various talent domains.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a 37-year research project, Discovering Intellectual Skills and capability while Observing Varied Ethnic Responses (DISCOVER).
  • Employed performance- and play-based assessments for children and young adults (ages 3 to adult).
  • Validated methods across diverse international settings and languages.

Main Results:

  • Identified specific observable behaviors indicative of creative problem-solving abilities.
  • Demonstrated the effectiveness of behavioral observation in diverse talent domains.
  • Provided a framework for eliciting and assessing these behaviors.

Conclusions:

  • Behavioral observation is a viable and effective method for assessing and nurturing creative problem-solving.
  • The DISCOVER project provides a robust foundation for these observational methods.
  • Recommendations are applicable globally, transcending cultural and linguistic boundaries.