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Related Concept Videos

Self-Report Tests of Personality01:22

Self-Report Tests of Personality

Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.

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Related Experiment Video

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Method for Simultaneous fMRI/EEG Data Collection during a Focused Attention Suggestion for Differential Thermal Sensation
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The Lynn Hypnotic Engagement Scale (LHES): A Multi-Study Validation.

Charlie W McDonald1, Joseph P Green2, Fiona G Sleight1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Binghamton University (SUNY), Binghamton, NY, USA.

The International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis
|June 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Lynn Hypnotic Engagement Scale (LHES) reliably measures motivation for hypnosis. This new scale predicts hypnotic responsiveness beyond mere interest or expectation.

Keywords:
Engagementexpectancieshypnotizabilitymotivationwillingness

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Hypnosis Research

Background:

  • Assessing hypnotic engagement is crucial for understanding individual differences in response.
  • Existing measures may not fully capture the multifaceted nature of willingness to be hypnotized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Lynn Hypnotic Engagement Scale (LHES).
  • To determine if LHES can predict hypnotizability and differentiate engagement from expectancy.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted four studies with over 800 participants.
  • Assessed reliability, factor structure, and convergent/divergent validity of the LHES.
  • Compared LHES scores with other personality measures and hypnotic responsiveness.

Main Results:

  • The LHES demonstrated high reliability and a single-factor structure.
  • LHES scores reflected openness, willingness to engage, and motivation for hypnosis.
  • LHES showed preliminary evidence of convergent and divergent validity.
  • LHES predicted hypnotic responsiveness beyond expectancy or interest.

Conclusions:

  • The LHES is a valid and reliable measure of hypnotic engagement.
  • LHES has potential utility in predicting hypnotizability and understanding hypnotic responding.
  • Further research is needed to explore the full applications of the LHES.