High accuracy sensor for two-parameter detection of adrenaline and pH in sweat

Here, we report a wearable device integrating a sweat collection unit and a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) - based sensor for the non-invasive detection of adrenaline (AD). In this paper, a new MIP method is proposed, which uses AD molecule as template, and electropolymerizes aniline and 3-aminophenylboronic acid (3-APBA) to form molecular imprinting. Surface modifications, incorporating carbon nanotubes (CNT) and MIP optimization, enhanced the device's specific surface area by 166.45 % (±2.82 %), yielding a wide linear detection range of AD (10^-6 μmol L^-1 to 10³ μmol L^-1). In this study, a three-dimensional response model was constructed by analyzing the current values corresponding to sweat pH levels (4.0-8.0) and AD concentrations, enabling a linear response and accurate prediction of AD levels in sweat. The integrated flexible electronic platform supports real-time data transmission via Bluetooth or NFC to a mobile application, facilitating efficient detection. Comprehensive integration and validation, including artificial sweat testing and correlation with ELISA results, underscore the sensor's potential as a robust and versatile solution for wearable health monitoring.