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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

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In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

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NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of...
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Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

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Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....
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Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

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Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...
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Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 19, 2025

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
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Localized Spin Textures Stabilized by Geometry-Induced Strain in 2D Magnet Fe3GeTe2.

Yuhan Sun1, Max T Birch2, Simone Finizio3,4

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|June 19, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Geometry-induced strain in 2D ferromagnets like Fe3GeTe2 (FGT) can locally control magnetic spin textures. This strain engineering stabilizes exotic magnetic domains, including skyrmions, paving the way for novel spintronic devices.

Keywords:
2D magnetsFe3GeTe2higher order topological spin texturesskyrmionsstrain engineering

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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Strain engineering is key for tuning 2D van der Waals (vdW) ferromagnets for spintronics.
  • Previous research focused on global strain effects, neglecting local magnetic spin texture impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of geometry-induced strain on local magnetic spin textures in 2D ferromagnets.
  • To demonstrate the manipulation of magnetism in Fe3GeTe2 (FGT) using spatially varying strain.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) to visualize magnetic order.
  • Employed micropillar arrays to create controlled, geometry-induced strain profiles in FGT sheets.

Main Results:

  • Spatially varying in-plane strain (<0.5%) locally increased the Curie temperature of FGT by 10 K.
  • Stabilized magnetic domains, including skyrmions and higher-order topological spin textures (skyrmioniums, skyrmion bags), near pillar corners.

Conclusions:

  • Geometry-induced strain offers a method for local control of magnetic spin textures in 2D vdW ferromagnets.
  • This strain-mediated control of topological spin textures opens new possibilities for spin-based information technologies.