Experience of Breastfeeding Mothers During the Earthquake of the Century: A Qualitative Study

Breastfeeding assumes critical importance in the aftermath of disasters such as earthquakes, as it provides all the essential nutrients required by infants, enhances their immune systems, and mitigates the risks associated with using contaminated water for formula preparation. This study investigates the experiences of breastfeeding mothers living in temporary shelters within the earthquake-affected region.

A qualitative approach was employed to identify the challenges faced by breastfeeding mothers. The study's sample included 14 mothers who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview form and analyzed using MAXQDA qualitative data analysis software, following Colaizzi's 7-step method.

The mothers in the study ranged in age from 31-37 years, with their infants ranging from 10 days-6 months old. Based on the data gathered from the interviews, 4 main themes were identified: basic life needs (with sub-themes of housing, warmth, nutrition, hygiene/sanitation, sleep, and clothing), emotional difficulties (with sub-themes of shock, fear, crying, and stress), care difficulties (with sub-themes of challenges in accessing medication, constipation, diarrhea, reduced comfort, and decreased urine output), and breastfeeding difficulties (with sub-themes of breast rejection, breast engorgement, baby feeding issues, reduced milk production or interruption, and privacy concerns).

From the onset of the earthquake, mothers encountered significant challenges in breastfeeding their infants. In emergency and disaster situations, it is imperative that experienced health care personnel offer essential information and support to assist these mothers in navigating the difficulties they face.