Diallyl Trisulfide Intervention in Redox Homeostasis and Its Multitarget Antitumor Effects

Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), an organosulfur compound from the common food garlic, has been attracting attention by exhibiting low toxicity, tumor susceptibility, and, especially, multiple antitumor activities, despite its simple molecular structure. The mounting data suggest that the effects of DATS are related to its induction of oxidative stress cell death in various forms via reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as apoptosis, ferroptosis, autophagy, and pyroptosis. Disruption of redox equilibrium by DATS involves not only the induction of ROS generation but also the inhibition of ROS scavenging through modulation of antioxidant systems, which in turn affects the redox-dependent key molecules in the signaling pathways, consequently curbing the malignant behavior of cancers. Retracing the progress of DATS antitumor research in the past decade, we conduct an in-depth analysis of the multitarget mechanisms of DATS intervening in redox homeostasis. This review provides clues for future studies to further reveal its potential antitumor effects.