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Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Pertussis in Children

Amira Elhoufey1

  • 1Department of Community Health Nursing, Alddrab University College, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU.

Cureus
|June 20, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Delayed or no diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTP) vaccination increases pertussis risk in children. Timely DTP immunization and isolation are key to preventing pertussis infection.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, remains a significant public health concern, particularly in infants and young children.
  • Understanding the clinical characteristics and risk factors is crucial for effective prevention and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical features and identify risk factors for pertussis in pediatric patients.
  • To compare clinical and laboratory findings between children with pertussis and a control group with cough.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective analysis of 100 children diagnosed with pertussis and 100 children with cough (control group).
  • Data collected included clinical characteristics, risk factors, and laboratory indices (serum globulin, IgM, CRP, WBC).
  • Vaccination status, specifically for the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTP) vaccine, was assessed.

Main Results:

  • Children with pertussis exhibited lower serum globulin and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels compared to controls.
  • Higher C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell (WBC) counts, and longer hospital stays were observed in the pertussis group.
  • Significantly higher rates of delayed or non-immunization with the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTP) vaccine were found in children with pertussis.

Conclusions:

  • Delayed or absent DTP vaccination is a significant risk factor for pertussis infection in children.
  • Emphasizes the critical role of timely pertussis vaccination and isolation measures in reducing disease incidence.
  • Highlights the need for robust immunization programs to protect vulnerable pediatric populations.
Abstract

Keywords:
clinical featuresincomplete immunizationpediatricspertussisrisk factors

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