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Integrating Knowledge of Modifiable and Non-modifiable Risk Factors: A Comprehensive Framework for Breast Cancer
Maria Teresa Reyes-Chacon1, Luis Reyner Lopez-Arellanes1, Marie Leiner2
1Family Medicine, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico.
Summary
Breast cancer prevention requires understanding risk factors. This study found low awareness of modifiable and non-modifiable risks among women, highlighting a need for better educational programs to improve breast cancer prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Breast cancer is a leading global cause of mortality in women, particularly in less-developed regions.
- Effective breast cancer prevention strategies, including education on risk factors, are critical to reducing mortality rates.
- Understanding the interplay between awareness of risk factors and knowledge of preventive practices is essential for public health initiatives.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the relationship between awareness of modifiable and non-modifiable breast cancer risk factors and knowledge of preventive practices among women.
- To identify key factors influencing knowledge of breast cancer prevention.
- To inform the development of targeted breast cancer prevention programs.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted with 504 women aged 20 and older at a first-contact center on the Mexico-USA border.
- Data were collected using a self-completed questionnaire covering socio-demographics, epidemiology, risk factors, and prevention practices.
- Multiple regression analysis was used to predict knowledge of preventive practices.
Main Results:
- Knowledge of non-modifiable risk factors was higher than modifiable ones, yet overall knowledge of both and preventive actions was low.
- Factors significantly predicting knowledge of preventive practices included awareness of non-modifiable risks, having children, and breastfeeding.
- The multiple regression model indicated a significant prediction of knowledge of preventive practices (adj. R² = 0.110, p < 0.001).
Conclusions:
- Low awareness of both modifiable and non-modifiable breast cancer risk factors limits the effectiveness of prevention efforts.
- Comprehensive understanding of risk factors is crucial for designing effective breast cancer prevention strategies.
- Future research should focus on causal relationships between risk awareness and behavior, and develop culturally adaptable interventions.
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