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Use of artificial intelligence processing tools to evaluate qualitative data: Student researchers compared to faculty
Shanna K O'Connor1, Erin E Miller2, Alyssa R Zweifel3
1South Dakota State University, Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, 2400 S Minnesota Ave Suite 101, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, United States of America.
Currents in Pharmacy Teaching & Learning
|June 20, 2025
Summary
Artificial intelligence (AI) can assist qualitative data analysis. Faculty-guided AI analysis more accurately identified themes than student-guided AI analysis in this study.
Area of Science:
- Qualitative Research Methods
- Artificial Intelligence in Academia
- Educational Technology
Background:
- The application of artificial intelligence (AI) in qualitative data analysis is evolving.
- Its specific utility in faculty-led research involving student collaborators requires further examination.
- This study investigates AI's role in thematic analysis within an academic setting.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare inductive thematic analysis outcomes from AI-assisted methods versus traditional faculty-led coding.
- To evaluate the accuracy of themes identified by AI when used by faculty and student researchers.
- To explore the effectiveness of AI tools like ChatGPT in qualitative research education.
Main Methods:
- Three distinct qualitative datasets were subjected to analysis.
- OpenAI's ChatGPT was utilized as the AI tool for analysis.
- Both faculty researchers and student researchers engaged in AI-assisted coding.
Main Results:
- AI-assisted analysis demonstrated high accuracy in theme identification across datasets.
- Faculty-generated AI thematic analysis results showed greater concordance with expert-validated themes compared to student-generated results.
- Differences in AI theme accuracy were observed between faculty and student researchers.
Conclusions:
- Artificial intelligence presents a valuable tool for enhancing the efficiency of qualitative data analysis.
- AI shows particular promise in the initial stages of qualitative data evaluation.
- The findings suggest AI can support both faculty and students in qualitative research, with faculty oversight enhancing accuracy.
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