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Biofilms

Biofilms

Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms encased in a self-produced extracellular polysaccharide matrix attached to surfaces. These microbial consortia can include single or multiple species, providing enhanced survival benefits by forming organized, multilayered structures.The formation of biofilms occurs through four key stages: attachment, colonization, development, and dispersal.During attachment, free-swimming planktonic cells adhere to a surface, often facilitated by...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 18, 2025

Characterization of Aquatic Biofilms with Flow Cytometry

Characterization of Aquatic Biofilms with Flow Cytometry

Published on: June 6, 2018

Engineered Marine Biofilms for Ocean Environment Monitoring.

Guillermo Nevot¹, Maria Pol Cros¹, Lorena Toloza¹

¹Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08005, Spain.

ACS Synthetic Biology

|June 23, 2025

Summary

Marine bacteria were engineered for enhanced biofilm formation and environmental sensing. These advancements pave the way for novel marine microbiome engineering applications, including biosensors and self-renewing biological adhesives.

Keywords:

Dinoroseobacter shibae ELMs biofilm biosensors marine bacteria surface colonization

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Last Updated: Sep 18, 2025

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Published on: June 6, 2018

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Published on: October 13, 2022

Area of Science:

Marine microbiology
Synthetic biology
Biomaterials engineering

Background:

Marine bacteria present opportunities for developing Engineered Living Materials (ELMs) for marine environments.
Engineering marine bacteria can lead to novel applications in ocean monitoring and biomaterials.

Purpose of the Study:

To engineer *Dinoroseobacter shibae* for enhanced surface-associated growth and biofilm formation.
To develop *D. shibae*-based biosensors for ocean environment monitoring.
To create a CRISPR-based recording system for long-term environmental signal storage.

Main Methods:

Fusion of endogenous CsgA with mussel foot proteins to enhance biofilm formation.
Engineering tyrosinase expression for improved microbial attachment.
Development of two environmental biosensors for temperature and oxygen detection.
Integration of a CRISPR recording system for stable DNA storage of gene expression.

Main Results:

Significantly increased biofilm formation in engineered *D. shibae*.
Successful development of functional biosensors for temperature and oxygen.
Demonstrated capability of the CRISPR system to record transient gene expression.
Engineered strains show potential for self-renewing biological adhesives and sentinel cells.

Conclusions:

Engineered *D. shibae* demonstrates significant potential for marine microbiome engineering.
The developed strains are suitable for innovative biofilm applications, including environmental sensing and recording.
This work advances the development of natural, self-renewing biomaterials and long-term environmental monitoring tools.