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BMSC-NFMC Model for Vascular Regulation and Interface Integration in Osteochondral Regeneration.

Qian Zhou^1,2, Mengjie Hou², Baoshuai Bai^2,3

¹Plastic Surgery Institute, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, P. R. China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)

|June 23, 2025

Summary

This study developed a novel nanofibrous composite structure for osteochondral tissue engineering. The a5G5P material effectively regenerated natural osteochondral tissues, showing promise for clinical applications.

Keywords:

BMSCs interface integration nanofibrous materials osteochondral tissue engineering vascularization regulation

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Published on: February 7, 2025

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Regenerative Medicine
Tissue Engineering

Background:

Osteochondral tissue engineering faces challenges in vascularization and interface integration.
Existing strategies have limitations in addressing these complex requirements.

Purpose of the Study:

To optimize nanofibrous material composition and structure for bone and cartilage regeneration.
To develop a composite structure for effective vascular isolation and interface integration in osteochondral defects.

Main Methods:

Systematic comparison of three different Guanosine-Triphosphate/Polycaprolactone (GT/PCL) ratios and topological structures (r5G5P, a5G5P, a7G3P).
Construction of Bone Marrow Stromal Cell-Nanofibrous Material Composite (BMSC-NFMC) structures using a "rolling and folding" method.
In vivo implantation in nude mice and rabbit articular osteochondral defect models.
Transcriptome sequencing analysis to elucidate molecular pathways involved in cartilage formation.

Main Results:

The a5G5P group demonstrated natural osteochondral tissue characteristics in vivo, stabilizing over 8 weeks.
Transcriptome analysis revealed that a5G5P inhibits the Rap1 pathway and activates the ERK pathway under ischemic conditions, promoting cartilage formation.
Successful regeneration of complete articular osteochondral structures in rabbit models, closely resembling native tissues.

Conclusions:

The optimized a5G5P BMSC-NFMC structure effectively regulates vascularization and promotes osteochondral regeneration.
This approach offers a viable solution for both local and long-segment osteochondral defect repair.
The study provides a promising strategy for advancing clinical applications in osteochondral tissue engineering.