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Toward salinity-gradient modulated ionic transport in a nanoslit: A framework accelerating electrical energy

Sumit Kumar Mehta1, Pranab Kumar Mondal1,2,3, Somchai Wongwises3

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Environmentally friendly energy generation using nanofluidic reverse electrodialysis is explored. Non-uniformly charged nanochannels (PNP and NPN) show high power density, exceeding commercial limits in acidic and basic conditions, respectively.

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Area of Science:

  • Sustainable Energy
  • Nanotechnology
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Growing demand for sustainable energy solutions.
  • Need for efficient energy-generating devices.
  • Potential of nanofluidic systems for energy harvesting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate high energy-density production using nanofluidic reverse electrodialysis.
  • Explore the influence of salinity gradients and pH on ionic transport.
  • Analyze non-uniformly charged nanochannels for improved performance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized non-uniformly charged nanochannels (NPN and PNP configurations).
  • Varied the pH of the right-side reservoir (pHright) to study ionic and fluidic characteristics.
  • Compared performance against uniformly charged nanochannel designs.

Main Results:

  • Non-uniform charge configurations (PNP and NPN) significantly affect the local potential field.
  • PNP nanoslits show high cationic selectivity in acidic conditions; NPN show high anionic selectivity in basic conditions.
  • Both PNP and NPN configurations achieved power densities exceeding commercial thresholds at specific pH values.
  • Non-uniformly charged designs demonstrated higher average flow velocity and mass flow rates under salinity gradients.

Conclusions:

  • Non-uniformly charged nanochannels offer a promising approach for efficient nanofluidic energy generation.
  • Tailoring nanochannel surface charge and operating pH can optimize power density and flow rates.
  • This research contributes to developing advanced nanofluidic devices for sustainable energy.