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Association between overactive bladder and suicidal ideation in US adults: a population-based study.

Heng Liu¹, Huqiang Dong², Mingchu Jin¹

¹Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.

Frontiers in Psychiatry

|June 24, 2025

Summary

Overactive bladder (OAB) is linked to a higher risk of suicidal ideation in US adults. Integrating urological and mental health care is crucial for suicide prevention efforts.

Keywords:

NHANES OAB overactive bladder population-based study suicidal ideation

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Area of Science:

Urology
Public Health
Mental Health

Background:

Suicidal ideation is a significant public health concern, often linked to mental health disorders.
Overactive bladder (OAB), a common urological condition, negatively impacts quality of life and is associated with anxiety and depression.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between overactive bladder (OAB) and suicidal ideation among adults in the United States.

Main Methods:

A population-based cross-sectional study using six NHANES datasets (2007-2018).
Suicidal ideation assessed via PHQ-9; OAB identified using OABSS.
Multivariate logistic regression, Restricted Cubic Splines, and subgroup analyses were employed.

Main Results:

Over 28,000 participants were analyzed; 3.30% reported suicidal ideation and 20.39% had OAB.
Individuals with suicidal ideation showed a higher prevalence of OAB.
Each OABSS point increase correlated with a 15% higher likelihood of suicidal ideation (OR=1.15). OAB was associated with a 47% increased likelihood of suicidal ideation (OR=1.47).

Conclusions:

A significant positive association exists between overactive bladder (OAB) and suicidal ideation in US adults.
Findings highlight the need for integrated urological and mental health care to improve suicide prevention.