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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 18, 2025

The Use of Chemostats in Microbial Systems Biology

The Use of Chemostats in Microbial Systems Biology

Published on: October 14, 2013

Virocell resource manipulation under nutrient limitation.

Morgan M Lindback¹, Cristina Howard-Varona², Jane Fudyma³

¹Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

|June 24, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Phosphate limitation alters virus-infected cell (virocell) metabolism differently depending on the infecting virus. Virocells manipulate intracellular resources and extracellular metabolites distinctively, impacting ecosystem processes under nutrient scarcity.

Keywords:

environment microbe multi-omics phage virocells

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Cell-free Protein Expression Using the Rapidly Growing Bacterium Vibrio natriegens

Cell-free Protein Expression Using the Rapidly Growing Bacterium Vibrio natriegens

Published on: March 14, 2019

Area of Science:

Microbial Ecology
Virology
Metabolomics
Systems Biology

Background:

Virus-infected cells (virocells) significantly influence host metabolism and ecosystem functions.
The impact of nutrient limitation on virocell metabolism and resource manipulation remains poorly understood.
Understanding virocell responses to environmental conditions is crucial for marine ecosystem dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how phosphate limitation affects intracellular and extracellular resource manipulation in virocells.
To compare the metabolic responses of virocells infected by two unrelated dsDNA viruses (PSA-HS2 and PSA-HP1) under nutrient limitation.
To elucidate the distinct ecosystem footprints generated by different virocell types under stress.

Main Methods:

Utilized transcriptomic, proteomic, and endo- and exo-metabolomic data from Pseudoalteromonas virocells.
Analyzed virocells independently infected by dsDNA viruses PSA-HS2 and PSA-HP1 under phosphate limitation.
Compared metabolic profiles and resource allocation between HS2-virocells, HP1-virocells, and uninfected cells.

Main Results:

Both virocells reduced de novo nucleotide synthesis proteins and increased iron storage.
HP1-virocells boosted amino acid production late in infection but had lower overall pools; HS2-virocells shifted to phospholipid recycling.
HP1-virocells exhibited increased membrane fluidity, polyphenols (stress marker), unsaturated hydrocarbons, and oxygen-rich extracellular metabolites.

Conclusions:

Phosphate limitation induces distinct intracellular resource manipulation strategies in virocells infected by unrelated viruses.
Virocells exhibit unique extracellular metabolic signatures and stress responses under nutrient-limited conditions.
Environmental conditions significantly shape virocell activities and their ecosystem-scale metabolic outputs.