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Intravitreal Injection and Quantitation of Infection Parameters in a Mouse Model of Bacterial Endophthalmitis
Published on: February 6, 2021
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Infectious Endophthalmitis: An Overview of Clinical Features, Microbiology Profile, and Antibiotic Sensitivity
Seyed Ali Tabatabaei1, Ahmad Masoumi1, Arash Mirzaei1
1Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Journal of Current Ophthalmology
|June 25, 2025
Summary
Staphylococcus epidermidis is the most common cause of endophthalmitis. Increasing resistance to vancomycin and fluoroquinolones presents future treatment challenges for this serious eye infection.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Endophthalmitis is a severe intraocular infection that can lead to vision loss.
- Understanding the causative pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility is crucial for effective treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the demographics, etiology, microbial spectrum, and antibiotic sensitivity of endophthalmitis cases.
- To inform clinical management and identify potential challenges in treating endophthalmitis.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective case series analysis of 992 patients diagnosed with endophthalmitis between May 2012 and September 2018.
- Data collection included patient demographics, endophthalmitis type, and microbiological and medical records.
Main Results:
- The most common causes were acute post-cataract surgery (44.4%) and post-traumatic endophthalmitis (26.7%).
- Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most frequently isolated organism (11.7%), followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (5.2%).
- Variable antibiotic sensitivities were noted for S. epidermidis, with vancomycin (81.4%), ciprofloxacin (76.2%), and levofloxacin (75.0%) susceptibility.
Conclusions:
- Staphylococcus epidermidis remains the primary pathogen in endophthalmitis.
- Emerging resistance of S. epidermidis to vancomycin and fluoroquinolones poses a significant future treatment challenge.
- Factors like intraocular foreign body, zone 1 injury, and traumatic cataracts are associated with post-traumatic endophthalmitis risk.
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