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Betalain Pigments: Isolation and Application as Reagents for Colorimetric Methods and Biosensors
Rimadani Pratiwi1, Devita Salsa Maharani1, Sarah Gustia Redjeki1
1Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia.
Biosensors
|June 25, 2025
Summary
Betalains, natural plant pigments, show promise as colorimetric sensors and biosensors for detecting food and water contaminants. Future research aims to improve extraction and develop betalains as novel bio-indicators.
Area of Science:
- Natural Product Chemistry
- Analytical Chemistry
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Betalains are hydrophilic pigments found in Caryophyllales plants and certain fungi.
- They are classified into red-violet betacyanins and yellow-orange betaxanthins.
- Betalains possess potential applications as colorimetric sensors and biosensors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review betalain isolation methods.
- To explore the applications of betalains as colorimetric sensors and biosensors.
- To identify future research directions for betalain applications.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of publications from the last decade.
- Analysis of betalain applications in detecting metal and nonmetal compounds.
- Examination of betalain use in cell-based biosensors and digital detection systems.
Main Results:
- Betalains serve as effective colorimetric sensors for identifying metal compounds in water and nonmetal compounds in food.
- Betaxanthins are utilized in developing cell-based biosensors using yeast and bacteria.
- Smartphone technology enables innovative digital detection with betalain sensors and biosensors.
Conclusions:
- Betalains offer versatile applications as colorimetric sensors and biosensors.
- Fragile stability during extraction is a key challenge.
- Future work should focus on optimizing extraction and developing betalains as novel bio-indicators for specific analytes.
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