Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay01:33

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen.  Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or quantified.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Hyposaline LUSO Mineral Water Drives Murine Macrophage Polarization Towards an Anti-Inflammatory M2 Phenotype.

Food science & nutrition·2026
Same author

Nature-Inspired Trojan Materials as Invisible Enablers of Advanced Humidity Sensors.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Glucosinolate Derivatives: Emerging Anti-Inflammatory Agents.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Anti-Inflammatory Evaluation of Pyrazino[2,1-<i>b</i>]quinazoline-3,6-dione Derivatives Inspired by Fiscalin B.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Human Polyomaviruses of Clinical Relevance: Modes of Transmission and Associated Pathologies.

Reviews in medical virology·2026
Same author

Unraveling the Potential of <i>Giardia</i> Extracellular Vesicles as a Vaccine Candidate.

Pharmaceutics·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Covalent Binding of Antibodies to Cellulose Paper Discs and Their Applications in Naked-eye Colorimetric Immunoassays
09:04

Covalent Binding of Antibodies to Cellulose Paper Discs and Their Applications in Naked-eye Colorimetric Immunoassays

Published on: October 21, 2016

14.8K

Cellulose-Based Colorimetric Test Strips for SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Detection.

Mariana P Sousa1,2,3, Ana Cláudia Pereira3,4,5,6, Bárbara Correia1

  • 1BioMark/CEB/LABBELS-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.

Biosensors
|June 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary

New paper-based biosensors detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies using glutaraldehyde. These cost-effective tools offer rapid, user-friendly serological analysis for disease monitoring.

Keywords:
SARS-CoV-2colorimetricglutaraldehydepaper-basedprotein

More Related Videos

Development of a Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Strip for Rapid and Quantitative Detection of Small Molecule Compounds
10:10

Development of a Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Strip for Rapid and Quantitative Detection of Small Molecule Compounds

Published on: November 13, 2021

8.4K
Author Spotlight: Advancing Pathogen Diagnostics with Standardized LAMP
05:34

Author Spotlight: Advancing Pathogen Diagnostics with Standardized LAMP

Published on: September 8, 2023

907

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Covalent Binding of Antibodies to Cellulose Paper Discs and Their Applications in Naked-eye Colorimetric Immunoassays
09:04

Covalent Binding of Antibodies to Cellulose Paper Discs and Their Applications in Naked-eye Colorimetric Immunoassays

Published on: October 21, 2016

14.8K
Development of a Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Strip for Rapid and Quantitative Detection of Small Molecule Compounds
10:10

Development of a Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Strip for Rapid and Quantitative Detection of Small Molecule Compounds

Published on: November 13, 2021

8.4K
Author Spotlight: Advancing Pathogen Diagnostics with Standardized LAMP
05:34

Author Spotlight: Advancing Pathogen Diagnostics with Standardized LAMP

Published on: September 8, 2023

907

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Immunology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the need for accessible diagnostic tools.
  • Existing serological assays can be expensive and time-consuming.
  • Rapid monitoring of immune response is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel, cost-effective paper-based colorimetric biosensors for detecting SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.
  • To utilize glutaraldehyde as a novel protein dye for colorimetric detection.
  • To assess the sensitivity, selectivity, and applicability of the developed biosensors.

Main Methods:

  • Functionalization of Wathman filter paper with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES).
  • Immobilization of virus-like particles (VLPs) and nucleocapsid protein (N-protein) as biorecognition elements.
  • Colorimetric detection using glutaraldehyde and RGB analysis via ImageJ software.

Main Results:

  • Both biosensors demonstrated a linear correlation between antibody concentration and RGB values.
  • The VLP sensor showed linear response from 1.0-20 µg/mL in diluted serum.
  • The N-protein sensor showed linear response from 1.0-40 µg/mL in diluted serum.
  • Good selectivity was observed, with minimal interference from glucose.

Conclusions:

  • The developed paper-based biosensors offer a sensitive, user-friendly, and cost-effective method for semi-quantitative serological analysis.
  • Glutaraldehyde serves as an effective protein dye in this novel biosensor application.
  • The biosensor technology shows potential for broader applications beyond SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection.