Perioperative Nursing of Hemifacial Atrophy Complicated With Ectodermal Dysplasia

The male patient was 16 years old. In 2017, there was no obvious cause of left facial soft tissue atrophy, accompanied by skin color deepening, gradually aggravated with age, bone atrophy, obvious asymmetry between the left and right sides, and diagnosed as progressive hemifacial atrophy. The patient also suffers from ectodermal dysplasia, which is a rare disease with abnormal development of sweat glands, sebaceous glands and other clinical manifestations such as heat dissipation disorders. In July 2023, the patients underwent correction of left hemifacial atrophy, free fascia fat flap transfer, vascular anastomosis, perforator vessel peeling, and compound tissue flap repair under general anesthesia in our hospital. Due to the particularity of the disease, it brings great difficulty to perioperative nursing, and the risk of postoperative complications is greatly increased. Patients and their families are also worried about accidents during and after the operation, and there is a serious psychological burden. In view of these situations, we actively carried out good psychological nursing and adequate preparation before operation, and combined with the characteristics of the disease after operation, targeted postural nursing, negative pressure drainage tube nursing, diet nursing, and specialized nursing in the operation area according to the characteristics of the disease after operation. Especially the nursing of the facial recipient area after transplantation, should fully consider the characteristics of patients with ectodermal dysplasia. The implementation of a series of careful perioperative nursing plans ensures the success of the operation, avoids the occurrence of postoperative adverse complications. The patients are discharged smoothly with satisfactory results.