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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Gastric Emptying01:16

Gastric Emptying

Gastric emptying occurs when the stomach gradually releases chyme into the duodenum. When the stomach is distended, it triggers the release of gastrin, a hormone that promotes gastric acid secretion to aid in digestion. Additionally, stomach distension contributes to peristaltic waves that propel gastric contents toward the pyloric region. The gastroenteric reflex, on the other hand, primarily stimulates peristalsis in the intestines, facilitating the movement of contents further along the...
Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
Gastritis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Gastritis II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of gastritis begins with the colonization of the stomach lining by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). This bacterium spreads mainly via the oral-oral route through saliva or shared utensils, and can also be transmitted in overcrowded or unhygienic environments through contaminated water, despite its brief survival outside the body.ColonizationOnce ingested, H. pylori enters the stomach and begins colonization by navigating through the mucus layer lining the stomach wall. It...

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Bile diversion underlies Roux-en-Y antitumor benefits.

Elizabeth R M Zunica1, Vance L Albaugh1,2

  • 1Pennington Biomedical Research Center at Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.

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|June 25, 2025
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Summary

Bile diversion during Roux-en-Y gastric bypass shows anticancer effects separate from weight loss. This finding highlights the role of altered bile acid signaling in cancer treatment strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Metabolic Surgery

Background:

  • Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is a bariatric surgery with established benefits for obesity and related comorbidities.
  • RYGB has been observed to induce remission in certain obesity-related cancers.
  • The mechanisms underlying the antitumor effects of RYGB are not fully elucidated, with both weight loss and altered bile acid profiles implicated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether the antitumor effects of RYGB are mediated by weight loss or by bile diversion.
  • To determine the independent contribution of bile diversion to the anticancer properties of RYGB in a preclinical model.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a preclinical model to compare RYGB with sham surgery.
  • Introduced a modified RYGB procedure to isolate the effect of bile diversion from weight loss.
  • Assessed tumor growth and relevant biomarkers in response to the surgical interventions.

Main Results:

  • Bile diversion, independent of significant weight loss, demonstrated significant antitumor effects.
  • The study provides evidence that altered bile acid signaling contributes to cancer suppression post-RYGB.
  • Specific tumor types and growth patterns were modulated by the bile diversion procedure.

Conclusions:

  • The antitumor effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass are, in part, attributable to bile diversion rather than solely to weight loss.
  • Targeting bile acid metabolism represents a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
  • Further research into the specific mechanisms of bile acid-mediated antitumor activity is warranted.