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Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
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Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
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Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
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Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Operation in Rats
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Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass is Associated With Increased Intestinal Glucose Uptake in Humans.

Florina Corpodean1,2, Maryam Naseri3, Michael Kachmar1,2

  • 1Metamor Institute, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.

Journal of the Endocrine Society
|November 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) in humans does not increase glucose uptake in the Roux limb, contrary to animal models. However, significant increases in colonic glucose uptake were observed early after RYGB surgery.

Keywords:
Roux limbRoux-en-Y gastric bypassbariatric surgerydeoxyglucoseenergy expendituregastric bypassintestinal adaptationintestinal glucose uptakemetabolic surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Bariatric Surgery
  • Gastroenterology
  • Metabolic Research

Background:

  • Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is a bariatric surgery with known metabolic benefits.
  • Animal studies suggest increased glucose uptake in the Roux limb post-RYGB may contribute to these benefits.
  • Prospective clinical data on RYGB's effect on intestinal glucose uptake in humans are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that RYGB increases glucose uptake in the Roux limb in human patients.
  • To assess longitudinal changes in intestinal glucose uptake following RYGB surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Patients undergoing RYGB were studied using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging.
  • Imaging was performed preoperatively and at 3 and 6 months postoperatively.
  • Standardized uptake values (SUV) for glucose were measured in various intestinal segments, including the Roux limb and colon, with spleen normalization for longitudinal analysis.

Main Results:

  • Despite significant weight loss, no increase in Roux limb glucose uptake was observed post-RYGB.
  • A significant increase in colonic glucose uptake (cecum, hepatic flexure, sigmoid colon) was detected by 3 months and maintained at 6 months (P < .05).

Conclusions:

  • Early postoperative RYGB in humans is associated with increased colonic, not Roux limb, glucose uptake.
  • The mechanism of increased Roux limb glucose uptake observed in animal models does not appear to translate to human physiology.
  • The clinical significance of increased colonic glucose uptake post-RYGB requires further investigation.