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Vaccination in patients with heart failure in practice
François Roubille1, Nicolas Chapet1, Camille Roubille2
1Cardiology Department, INI-CRT, CHU de Montpellier, PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, 34295 Montpellier, France.
European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
|June 25, 2025
Summary
Vaccination is crucial for heart failure (HF) patients to prevent respiratory infections and related complications. Healthcare providers must increase awareness and vaccination rates to improve preventive care and reduce cardiovascular risks in this vulnerable population.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- Heart failure (HF) patients are at increased risk of severe outcomes from respiratory infections.
- Respiratory pathogens trigger systemic inflammation, exacerbating HF progression and cardiovascular events.
- Inflammation from infections heightens thrombotic risk in HF patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the pathophysiology linking inflammation, infection, and HF.
- To summarize the benefits of vaccines against respiratory diseases in HF patients.
- To provide strategies for improving vaccination coverage in HF patients.
Main Methods:
- Narrative review of existing literature.
- Analysis of pathophysiology of infection-induced inflammation in HF.
- Evaluation of current vaccine efficacy and guidelines for HF patients.
Main Results:
- Vaccines against influenza, pneumococcus, SARS-CoV2, and VZV offer protection against respiratory infections in HF.
- Vaccination can mitigate systemic inflammation and reduce cardiovascular event risk.
- Current guidelines support vaccination for HF patients, but coverage remains suboptimal.
Conclusions:
- Vaccination is a vital preventive strategy for HF patients to reduce respiratory infection burden and cardiovascular risks.
- Enhanced healthcare provider awareness and proactive patient engagement are essential to bridge vaccination gaps.
- Implementing practical strategies can improve vaccination uptake and outcomes in heart failure management.
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