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Mitochondrial Transfer from Human Platelets to Rat Dental Pulp-Derived Fibroblasts in the 2D In Vitro System:
Koji Nishiyama1, Tomoni Kasahara1, Hideo Kawabata1
1Tokyo Plastic Dental Society, 2-26-2 Oji, Kita-ku, Tokyo 114-0002, Japan.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|June 26, 2025
Summary
Living platelets, not lysates, rescued damaged cells by transferring mitochondria. This suggests a new role for platelet mitochondria in tissue regeneration therapies.
Area of Science:
- Regenerative Medicine
- Cell Biology
- Mitochondrial Biology
Background:
- Platelet mitochondria are increasingly recognized for their role in tissue regeneration alongside growth factors in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy.
- Understanding the mechanisms of mitochondrial contribution is crucial for optimizing PRP applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish a simple co-culture system for investigating mitochondrial transfer from human platelets to rat fibroblasts.
- To assess the viability of using platelet mitochondria in regenerative therapies.
Main Methods:
- Human platelets were isolated from platelet-rich plasma (PRP).
- Rat dental pulp-derived fibroblasts (RPC-C2A) were co-cultured with living human platelets or platelet lysates.
- Cells were treated with ultraviolet-C irradiation to induce damage.
- Mitochondrial transfer was visualized using fluorescent dyes and antibodies.
Main Results:
- Living platelets, but not platelet lysates, significantly rescued UV-C-irradiated fibroblasts, improving their viability.
- An increase in fibroblast mitochondria was observed after co-culture with resting platelets.
- Activated platelets did not show significant increases in mitochondrial transfer parameters.
Conclusions:
- A simple co-culture system can demonstrate xenogeneic mitochondrial transfer from platelets to fibroblasts.
- Mitochondrial transfer from living platelets is a viable mechanism for rescuing damaged cells.
- This finding adds a new dimension to the understanding of platelet-rich plasma therapy's regenerative potential.
