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Related Concept Videos

X-ray Imaging01:24

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German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
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Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
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Changes in Mammary Gland Morphology and Breast Cancer Risk in Rats
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X-Ray Exposure Induces Structural Changes in Human Breast Proteins.

Ren Jie Tuieng1,2, Sarah H Cartmell3,4, Cliona C Kirwan5,6

  • 1Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|June 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Radiotherapy X-rays damage extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins like collagen and fibronectin. This damage may affect tissue integrity and healing in patients receiving radiation therapy.

Keywords:
X-raysbreast cancercollagenextracellular matrixmass spectrometryradiotherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Radiotherapy Research
  • Extracellular Matrix Biology

Background:

  • Radiotherapy uses X-rays to treat cancer, but can harm healthy tissues.
  • Cellular effects of radiation are known, but impact on extracellular matrix (ECM) is unclear.
  • ECM proteins like collagen and fibronectin are crucial for tissue structure and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of clinical X-ray doses on ECM proteins.
  • To characterize structural changes in collagen and fibronectin after irradiation.
  • To understand how radiation impacts complex ECM environments and associated proteins.

Main Methods:

  • Used gel electrophoresis, biochemical assays, and mass spectrometry-based peptide location fingerprinting (PLF).
  • Analyzed purified collagen I and plasma fibronectin (pFN) after 50 Gy and 100 Gy X-ray exposure.
  • Examined X-ray effects on fibroblast-derived ECM and ex vivo breast tissue.

Main Results:

  • X-ray exposure fragmented collagen I alpha chains in purified solutions.
  • Irradiated fibronectin showed altered peptide yields and increased binding to collagen I.
  • In complex tissues, radiation affected collagen IV, laminin, and perlecan, alongside intracellular proteins.

Conclusions:

  • X-ray irradiation induces structural changes in ECM proteins and associated intracellular proteins.
  • These alterations may compromise ECM integrity and cell-ECM interactions.
  • Potential consequences include tissue stiffening, fibrosis, and impaired wound healing post-radiotherapy.