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The Weekend Effect on In-Hospital Mortality-First 13-Year Retrospective Observational Study in Slovakia.

Orsolya Hrubá1, Lucia Žigová1, Michala Hrončová1

  • 1Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, 81372 Bratislava, Slovakia.

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patients admitted to hospitals on weekends face a higher risk of in-hospital death, a phenomenon known as the weekend effect. This study confirms this trend in Slovakia, highlighting the need for improved hospital care consistency.

Keywords:
mortality rateretrospective cohortweekend admissionsweekend effect

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Area of Science:

  • Internal Medicine
  • Public Health
  • Healthcare Management

Background:

  • The weekend effect describes increased mortality risk for hospital admissions on weekends versus weekdays.
  • Limited data exists on the weekend effect in Central Europe, specifically Slovakia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and extent of the weekend effect in Slovakia.
  • To identify patient groups most affected by weekend admissions.
  • To explore clinical and demographic factors associated with weekend mortality.

Main Methods:

  • A 13-year retrospective study (2010-2022) of 45,955 hospitalizations at a Slovak internal medicine department.
  • Statistical analysis comparing in-hospital mortality rates between weekday and weekend admissions.
  • Logistic regression used to adjust for age, gender, length of stay, and re-hospitalization; ICD-10 codes for cause of death classification.

Main Results:

  • Weekend admissions showed significantly higher in-hospital mortality (15.58%) compared to weekday admissions (10.47%).
  • Weekend admission remained a strong predictor of death even after adjustment (aOR=1.31).
  • Cardiovascular disease was the leading cause of death on weekends; the effect was pronounced during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms the weekend effect in Slovakia, with higher mortality for weekend admissions.
  • Addressing the underlying causes of this disparity is crucial for enhancing hospital care quality.
  • Ensuring consistent patient care throughout the week is essential.