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Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
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Oppositional Defiant Disorder01:30

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

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A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
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Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
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Conduct Disorder01:28

Conduct Disorder

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Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
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Updated: Sep 18, 2025

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
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Comparing Obstetrical Outcomes Between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Attention Deficit Disorder: A

Uri Amikam1,2, Ahmad Badeghiesh3, Haitham Baghlaf4

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
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Summary

Women with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) face higher risks for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, preterm delivery, and small-for-gestational-age neonates compared to those with attention deficit disorder (ADD). This highlights critical differences in perinatal outcomes for these neurodevelopmental conditions.

Keywords:
attention deficit disorder without hyperactivityattention deficit hyperactivity disorderhypertensive disorders of pregnancyneurodevelopmental disorderpreterm deliverysmall-for-gestational-age

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Perinatal Health

Background:

  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is prevalent in women of reproductive age.
  • Previous research has not differentiated between ADHD and ADD symptom clusters.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for managing reproductive-aged women with ADHD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare perinatal outcomes between women diagnosed with ADHD and those diagnosed with ADD.
  • To investigate the association between ADHD symptom clusters and maternal/neonatal complications.
  • To identify specific risks associated with ADHD during pregnancy.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective population-based study using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project-Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP-NIS) from 2004-2014.
  • Analysis of deliveries and maternal deaths, comparing outcomes for ADD and ADHD diagnoses.
  • Multivariate logistic regression to control for confounding factors.

Main Results:

  • Women with ADHD were younger, more likely to be Black, of lower socioeconomic status, and to use tobacco/illicit drugs during pregnancy.
  • ADHD diagnosis was associated with increased rates of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs), preterm delivery, maternal infection, and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) neonates.
  • Statistical significance (p < 0.05) was observed for all compared outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Women with ADHD experience a higher incidence of maternal and neonatal complications compared to women with ADD.
  • Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, preterm delivery, and SGA neonates are significant risks for pregnant women with ADHD.
  • Further research and targeted interventions are needed for pregnant women with ADHD.