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Related Concept Videos

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T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
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Updated: Sep 18, 2025

Th17 Inflammation Model of Oropharyngeal Candidiasis in Immunodeficient Mice
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Targeting the IL-6-Th17-Neutrophil Axis Reduces Local Inflammation in Stomatitis.

Z Wang1,2, Y Wang2, D Zhang3

  • 1Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Journal of Dental Research
|June 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis involves immune dysregulation. Targeting the IL-6-Th17-neutrophil axis reduces inflammation and tissue damage in a mouse model, offering a potential new therapy.

Keywords:
CD4+ T cellIFN-γIL-17aanti-Ly6Gmacrophagemucosa immunityrecurrent aphthous stomatitis

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oral Pathology
  • Inflammation Research

Background:

  • Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a prevalent chronic oral condition with poorly understood causes.
  • Chronic inflammation in RAS is associated with disrupted local immune responses.
  • Understanding the immune microenvironment is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the immune changes in a chemical stomatitis (CS) mouse model.
  • To elucidate the role of the IL-6-Th17-neutrophil axis in stomatitis pathogenesis.
  • To explore potential immunotherapeutic targets for stomatitis.

Main Methods:

  • Acetic acid-induced chemical stomatitis (CS) in a murine model.
  • Flow cytometry to analyze immune cell populations (neutrophils, Th1, Th17).
  • Genetic depletion of Th17 cells (Rorc-/- mice) and IL-6 receptor signaling (Il6ra-/- mice).
  • Anti-Ly6G antibody treatment to deplete neutrophils.
  • Histopathological analysis (Hematoxylin and eosin staining) for tissue damage assessment.

Main Results:

  • CS mice showed increased neutrophil infiltration and elevated Th1/Th17 cells in lingual mucosa.
  • Depletion of Th17 cells (Rorc-/-) reduced neutrophil infiltration and tissue damage.
  • Impaired IL-6 receptor signaling (Il6ra-/-) decreased inflammatory cell infiltration and ulcer severity.
  • Neutrophil depletion diminished Th1/Th17 cell infiltration, indicating a feedback loop.

Conclusions:

  • The IL-6-Th17-neutrophil axis is a key driver of stomatitis pathogenesis.
  • This axis creates a positive feedback loop between Th17 cells and neutrophils.
  • Targeting this axis presents a promising immunotherapeutic strategy for stomatitis.