Three-Dimensional Assessment of Mandibular Morphology Across Vertical Facial Growth Patterns Using Cone-Beam Computed...

Area of Science:

• Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics
• Human Anatomy
• Radiology

Background:

• Mandibular morphology varies with vertical facial growth patterns.
• Understanding these variations is crucial for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.
• Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a key tool for analyzing these structures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare mandibular morphological characteristics across normodivergent, hypodivergent, and hyperdivergent facial growth patterns.
• To investigate specific parameters including condylar dimensions, ramus morphology, symphysis measurements, and mandibular notch features.
• To utilize CBCT for precise quantitative analysis.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional observational study involving 27 subjects (18-36 years) categorized by Jarabak's ratio.
• CBCT scans were analyzed for mandibular parameters: condylar dimensions, coronoid process, ramus, and symphysis measurements.
• Statistical analysis included ANOVA, Tukey's post-hoc test, and Spearman's correlation (p < 0.05).

Main Results:

• Condylar shape (Type 4) and coronoid process (Type 1) were most prevalent but not linked to growth patterns.
• Significant differences found in ramus width (p=0.017) and symphysis thickness (p=0.036) between hypodivergent and hyperdivergent groups.
• Hyperdivergent group: taller condyles, narrower rami, increased symphysis height. Hypodivergent group: thicker symphyses, broader rami.

Conclusions:

• Measurable variations in mandibular morphology exist across vertical facial growth patterns.
• Ramus width and symphysis thickness significantly differ between hypodivergent and hyperdivergent individuals.
• Mandibular notch morphology appears largely independent of other measured mandibular features and growth patterns.